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One Health

One Health is at the intersection of human health, animal health, and environmental health.[1]

One Health is an approach calling for "the collaborative efforts of multiple disciplines working locally, nationally, and globally, to attain optimal health for people, animals and our environment", as defined by the One Health Initiative Task Force (OHITF).[2] It developed in response to evidence of the spreading of zoonotic diseases between species and increasing awareness of "the interdependence of human and animal health and ecological change".[3]: 205 [4] In this viewpoint, public health is no longer seen in purely human terms.[5][6] Due to a shared environment and highly conserved physiology, animals and humans not only suffer from the same zoonotic diseases but can also be treated by either structurally related or identical drugs. For this reason, special care must be taken to avoid unnecessary or over-treatment of zoonotic diseases, particularly in the context of drug resistance in infectious microbes.[7]

A number of organizations throughout the world support the objectives of "One Health" including the One Health Commission (OHC), One Health Initiative, One Health Platform, CDC One Health Office, and the Quadripartite Organizations. The Quadripartite Organizations are:

One Health promotes a sustainable and healthy future through collaboration, communication, coordination and capacity building.[9]

In particular, the One Health High Level Expert Panel, an independent advisory group to the Quadripartite Organizations,[8] provided a comprehensive definition of One Health, whereby:

"One Health is an integrated, unifying approach that aims to sustainably balance and optimize the health of humans, animals, plants and ecosystems. It recognizes the health of humans, domestic and wild animals, plants and the wider environment (including ecosystems) are closely linked and interdependent. The approach mobilizes multiple sectors, disciplines and communities at varying levels of society to work together to foster well-being and tackle threats to health and ecosystems, while addressing the collective need for clean water, energy and air, safe and nutritious food, taking action on climate change, and contributing to sustainable development."[8]

  1. ^ Ratnadass, Alain; Deguine, Jean-Philippe (June 2021). "Crop protection practices and viral zoonotic risks within a One Health framework". Science of the Total Environment. 774: 145172. Bibcode:2021ScTEn.774n5172R. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145172. ISSN 0048-9697. PMID 33610983. S2CID 231989807.
  2. ^ "One Health : A New Professional Imperative" (PDF). American Veterinary Medical Association. 15 July 2008. p. 9. Retrieved 2017-08-20.
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference Riley was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Bird, Brian H.; Mazet, Jonna A.K. (15 February 2018). "Detection of Emerging Zoonotic Pathogens: An Integrated One Health Approach". Annual Review of Animal Biosciences. 6 (1): 121–139. doi:10.1146/annurev-animal-030117-014628. ISSN 2165-8102. PMID 29144769.
  5. ^ Rabinowitz, Peter; Conti, Lisa (18 March 2013). "Links Among Human Health, Animal Health, and Ecosystem Health". Annual Review of Public Health. 34 (1): 189–204. doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031912-114426. ISSN 0163-7525. PMID 23330700. Retrieved 8 March 2022.
  6. ^ "One Health: By Protecting Animals We Preserve our Future" (PDF).
  7. ^ Scott, Kevin A.; Qureshi, M. Haziq; Cox, Philip B.; Marshall, Christopher M.; Bellaire, Bailey C.; Wilcox, Michael; Stuart, Bradey A. R.; Njardarson, Jon T. (2020-12-24). "A Structural Analysis of the FDA Green Book-Approved Veterinary Drugs and Roles in Human Medicine". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 63 (24): 15449–15482. doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01502. ISSN 0022-2623. PMID 33125236. S2CID 226218045.
  8. ^ a b c One Health Joint Plan of Action, 2022–2026. Working together for the health of humans, animals, plants and the environment. Rome: FAO; UNEP; WHO; World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) (founded as OIE). 2022. doi:10.4060/cc2289en. ISBN 978-92-5-136957-9. S2CID 252939111.
  9. ^ One Health Joint Plan of Action, 2022–2026. 2022. doi:10.4060/cc2289en. ISBN 978-92-5-136957-9. S2CID 252939111. Retrieved 2023-11-17. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)

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