Zhang Xianzhong

Zhang Xianzhong
Zhang Xianzhong
Traditional Chinese	張獻忠
Simplified Chinese	张献忠
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Zhāng Xiànzhōng
Wade–Giles	Chang Hsien-chung

Names
	Zhang Xianzhong; (張獻忠)
Era name and dates
	Dashun (大順): 1644–1647
Posthumous name
	Emperor Gao; (高皇帝)
Temple name
	Taizu (太祖)

Zhang Xianzhong
張獻忠
Zhang Xianzhong; 張獻忠
Emperor of the Xi dynasty
Reign	1644–1647
Born	18 September 1606
Died	2 January 1647 (aged 40)
Spouse	Lady Chen (daughter of Chen Yan)
Names
Names
	Zhang Xianzhong; (張獻忠)
Era name and dates
	Dashun (大順): 1644–1647
Posthumous name
	Emperor Gao; (高皇帝)
Temple name
	Taizu (太祖)
Dynasty	Xi
Seal

Zhang Xianzhong (張獻忠 or Chang Hsien-chung; 18 September 1606 – 2 January 1647), courtesy name Bingwu (秉吾), art name Jingxuan (敬軒), was a Chinese peasant leader who led a peasant rebellion from Yan'an wei, Shaanxi (today Yulin, Shaanxi province) during the Ming-Qing transition. He conquered Sichuan in 1644, and named himself king and later emperor^[2] of the Xi dynasty. His rule in Sichuan was brief, and he was killed by the invading Qing army. He is commonly associated with the massacres in Sichuan that depopulated the region.^[3]^[4] However, the extent of his killings is disputed.^[5]

^ Huo Hongwei. "中国国家博物馆藏西王赏功钱考" (PDF) (in Chinese). China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House.
^ Cite error: The named reference emp was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "Skeletons of massacre victims uncovered at construction site". Shanghai Star. 11 April 2002. Archived from the original on 22 April 2006.
^ ""张献忠屠四川"非造假成都曾挖出万人枯骨坑 ("Zhang Xianzhong's massacre of Sichuan" not fabricated, ten thousand human bones in pit excavated in Chengdu.)" (in Chinese). sc.people.com.cn. 8 April 2010. Archived from the original on 15 July 2012.
^ Cite error: The named reference hu was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

Cite error: There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=note}} template (see the help page).

[1] Huo Hongwei. "中国国家博物馆藏西王赏功钱考" (PDF) (in Chinese). China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House.

[emp-3] Cite error: The named reference emp was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[4] "Skeletons of massacre victims uncovered at construction site". Shanghai Star. 11 April 2002. Archived from the original on 22 April 2006.

[5] ""张献忠屠四川"非造假成都曾挖出万人枯骨坑 ("Zhang Xianzhong's massacre of Sichuan" not fabricated, ten thousand human bones in pit excavated in Chengdu.)" (in Chinese). sc.people.com.cn. 8 April 2010. Archived from the original on 15 July 2012.

[hu-6] Cite error: The named reference hu was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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