Back Spilvennote van Weerstand Afrikaans محور المقاومة Arabic Вось супраціву Byelorussian تەوەری بەرگری CKB Achse des Widerstands German Άξονας της Αντίστασης Greek Eje de la Resistencia Spanish محور مقاومت Persian Axe de la résistance French ציר ההתנגדות HE

Axis of Resistance

Axis of Resistance
Leaders
Group(s)Primary
List
HeadquartersIran, Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, and Yemen
IdeologyRevolutionary Shia Islamism
Anti-Zionism
Anti-Westernism
Opposition to American, Israeli and Gulf states' interests in the Middle East
Opposition to the MEK[10]
Political positionBig tent
StatusActive unofficial military alliance
Allies
Allies

Non-state allies

Opponents
Opponents

Non-state opponents

Former opponents
Battles and warsIran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict, Iran–Israel proxy conflict, Syrian Civil War, Israel–Hamas war, 2024 Iran–Israel conflict

The Axis of Resistance (Persian: محور مقاومت Mehvar–e Moqâvemat;[28] Arabic: محور المقاومة Miḥwar al-Muqāwamah) is an informal Iranian-led political and military coalition in West Asia and North Africa.[29][30] It most notably includes the Islamic Resistance in Iraq, the Syrian government, the Lebanese political party and militant group Hezbollah, the Yemeni political and military organization Ansar Allah (the Houthi movement), and a variety of Palestinian militant groups.[31][32][33][34] The various actions of members of this axis reflect their domestic interests while serving the broader goal of complicating Israel's attacks and imposing a cost on the United States to support Israel.[35] The axis became the main fighters against ISIS, after the group took over Syria and Iraq in 2014.[36]

  1. ^ "The Huseynyun: Iran's new IRGC-backed movement in Azerbaijan". Middle East Monitor. October 9, 2021. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  2. ^ a b c d e f "Iran Update, October 18, 2023". Institute for the Study of War. 2023-10-18. Retrieved 2023-11-12.
  3. ^ "The Nujaba Movement – the Movement of the Noble Ones: One of the dominant pro-Iranian militias in Iraq". The Meir Amit Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center. May 14, 2023.
  4. ^ Dana Taib Menmy; Oliver Mizzi (8 November 2023). "Who is the Islamic Resistance in Iraq, the mysterious group attacking US and Israeli targets over Gaza?". The New Arab.
  5. ^ "سياسة - همام حمودي لوكالة ايرانية: المجلس الأعلى عاد إلى الإمام الخميني - سومر نيوز". Archived from the original on 2019-03-05. Retrieved 2022-01-02.
  6. ^ "ظهرت الاحجام السياسية. الان بدأت معركة الأغلبية المطلقة. تشكيل الحكومة أم المعارك || قاسم متيرك". Archived from the original on 15 November 2018. Retrieved 15 November 2018.
  7. ^ Hussein Abou Saleh (2 November 2023). "Iran's 'axis of resistance': how Hamas and Tehran are attempting to galvanise their allies against Israel". The Conversation. Retrieved 14 November 2023.
  8. ^ Fabian, Emanuel (19 October 2023). "IDF says it killed head of military wing of Gaza's Popular Resistance Committees". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 19 October 2023.
  9. ^ "Hamas quashes armed Shiite movement Sabireen in Gaza". Al-Monitor. 21 March 2019.
  10. ^ "Beware Iran's 'Axis of Resistance' | People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI/MEK)". Archived from the original on 2021-10-31. Retrieved 2020-01-16.
  11. ^ Jay Solomon (2017-11-27). "High-Level Contacts Between North Korea and Iran Hint at Deeper Military Cooperation". Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
  12. ^ "Iranian press review: Venezuela part of 'Axis of Resistance', says Maduro". Middle East Eye. Retrieved 2023-10-12.
  13. ^ "Defending Latin America's Resistance Axis | Un enfoque diferente - Nicaragua - a different focus".
  14. ^ Vivian Nereim (13 September 2023). "U.S. Deepens Security Pledge to Bahrain, an Adversary of Iran". The New York Times. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
  15. ^ Michael Scollon (19 October 2023). "Iran's 'Axis Of Resistance': A Network Designed To Create Chaos, Fight Tehran's Enemies". Radio Free Europe. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  16. ^ Fatima Al-Kassab (26 October 2023). "What is the 'axis of resistance' of Iran-backed groups in the Middle East?". NPR. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  17. ^ Steinberg, Guido; Stiftung Wissenschaft Und Politik (2021). "The "Axis of Resistance" Iran's Expansion in the Middle East Is Hitting a Wall". SWP Research Paper. doi:10.18449/2021RP06.
  18. ^ Cafarella, Jennifer (2014). "Jabhat al-Nusra in Syria: An Islamic Emirate for Al-Qaeda" (PDF). Middle East Security Report 25. Washington, DC: Institute for the Study of War: 8–46. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 February 2022.
  19. ^ Alkhshali, Hamdi; Starr, Barbara (28 February 2017). "Deputy al Qaeda leader killed In Syria". CNN. Archived from the original on 6 October 2022.
  20. ^ "IRAN'S SHADOW WAR ON ISIS". 18 November 2019.
  21. ^ Nadimi, Farzim (10 September 2014). "Iran Is Expanding Its Military Role in Iraq in a Bunch of Ways". Business Insider. Retrieved 27 September 2014.
  22. ^ "Beware Iran's 'Axis of Resistance' | People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI/MEK)". Archived from the original on 2021-10-31. Retrieved 2020-01-16.
  23. ^ "Egypt sends Assad secret arms aid, including missiles, with Russian funding". debka.com.
  24. ^ "Egypt voices support for Russia's moves in Syria". Reuters. 2015-10-04. Retrieved 2015-12-15.
  25. ^ "Victory for Assad looks increasingly likely as world loses interest in Syria". The Guardian. 31 August 2017. Returning from a summit in the Saudi capital last week, opposition leaders say they were told directly by the foreign minister, Adel al-Jubeir, that Riyadh was disengaging.
  26. ^ Samia Nakhoul, Aziz El Yaakoubi (24 May 2023). "Saudi embrace of Assad sends strong signal to US". Reuters. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  27. ^ "UAE reopens Syria embassy in boost for Assad". Reuters. 27 December 2018. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  28. ^ "جبهه مقاومت". Khamenei.ir (in Persian).
  29. ^ "Syria: Iran vows it will not allow Assad to fall". The Telegraph. 12 July 2012. Retrieved 8 August 2012.
  30. ^ Al-Kassab, Fatima (26 October 2023). "What is the 'axis of resistance' of Iran-backed groups in the Middle East?". NPR. Retrieved 30 October 2023.
  31. ^ "Iran backs Assad as Syrian forces choke off Aleppo". Reuters. 7 August 2012. Archived from the original on 27 January 2023. Retrieved 7 August 2012.
  32. ^ "Iran: Syria part of 'axis of resistance'". CNN. 7 August 2012. Retrieved 7 August 2012.
  33. ^ Drums Of War: Israel And The "AXIS OF RESISTANCE" (PDF), International Crisis Group, 2 August 2010, archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04
  34. ^ "New Options for Iraq's Axis of Resistance Players (Part 2): Opening the Jordan Front | The Washington Institute". www.washingtoninstitute.org. Retrieved 2024-04-04.
  35. ^ "IntelBrief: Differences Affect Iranian 'Axis of Resistance' Response to Mideast Crisis". INTELBRIEF. The Soufan Center.
  36. ^ Cite error: The named reference Master of Iran's was invoked but never defined (see the help page).


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