Claude Auchinleck

Field Marshal

Sir Claude Auchinleck
Field Marshal; Sir Claude Auchinleck
	Portrait by Cecil Beaton, c. 1945
Nickname(s)	The Auk
Born	21 June 1884; Aldershot, Hampshire, England
Died	23 March 1981 (aged 96); Marrakech, Morocco
Allegiance	United Kingdom
Service/branch	British Indian Army ; Indian Army; Pakistan Army
Years of service	1904–1947
Rank	Field marshal
Service number	115611
Unit	62nd Punjabis
Commands held	Supreme Commander India and Pakistan (1947–1948); Commander-in-Chief, India (1941, 1943–1947); Middle East Command (1941–1942); Southern Command (1940); V Corps (1940); Commander-in-chief, Northern Norway (1940); IV Corps (1940); 3rd Indian Infantry Division (1939); Meerut district (1938); Peshawar Brigade (1933–1936); 1st Battalion, 1st Punjab Regiment (1929–1930)
Battles/wars	First World War Mesopotamian campaign Battle of Hanna; Second Battle of Kut; Fall of Baghdad; ; ; Mohmand Campaign; Second World War Norwegian campaign; North African Campaign; ;
Awards	Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath; Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Indian Empire; Companion of the Order of the Star of India; Distinguished Service Order; Officer of the Order of the British Empire; Mentioned in Despatches (3); Chief Commander of the Legion of Merit (USA); Virtuti Militari (Poland); Order of the Star of Nepal (Nepal); Knight Grand Cross of Order of St. Olav (Norway); Military Cross (Czechoslovakia); Croix de guerre (France);
Other work	Colonel 1st Battalion 1st Punjab Regiment (January 1933) Colonel Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers (April 1941); Colonel 1st Battalion 4th Bombay Grenadiers (July 1939); Colonel 4th Bombay Grenadiers (May 1944); Colonel 1st Punjab Regiment (1947);

Field Marshal Sir Claude John Eyre Auchinleck, (/ˌɒxɪnˈlɛk/ OKH-in-LEK), GCB, GCIE, CSI, DSO, OBE (21 June 1884 – 23 March 1981), was a British Indian Army commander who saw active service during the world wars. A career soldier who spent much of his military career in India, he rose to become commander-in-chief of the Indian Army by early 1941 during the Second World War. In July 1941 he was appointed commander-in-chief of the Middle East Theatre, but after initial successes, the war in North Africa turned against the British-led forces under his command, and he was relieved of the post in August 1942 during the North African campaign.

In June 1943, he was once again appointed Commander-in-Chief, India, where his support through the organisation of supply, maintenance and training for General William Slim's Fourteenth Army played an important role in its success. He served as Commander-in-Chief, India, until the Partition in 1947, when he assumed the role of Supreme Commander of all British forces in India and Pakistan until late 1948.

^ FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837–1915. 1884, Q3-Jul–Aug–Sep, A, 9. Auchinleck, Claud John E, Farnham. Vol 2a. Page 95. "Index entry". FreeBMD. ONS. Retrieved 8 September 2011. (Farnham is the district including Aldershot.)
^ Warner (1991), p. 131
^ "No. 35559". The London Gazette (Supplement). 12 May 1942. p. 744.
^ "No. 36866". The London Gazette (Supplement). 29 December 1944. p. 3.
^ "No. 35019". The London Gazette (Supplement). 20 December 1940. p. 7109.
^ "No. 34282". The London Gazette. 8 May 1936. p. 2974.
^ ^a ^b Cite error: The named reference heath30 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "No. 34066". The London Gazette. 3 July 1934. p. 4227.
^ "No. 34282". The London Gazette. 8 May 1936. p. 2979.
^ "No. 38359". The London Gazette (Supplement). 20 July 1948. p. 4189.
^ "No. 35559". The London Gazette (Supplement). 12 May 1942. p. 2113.
^ Montgomery-Massingberd, Hugh (1976). Burke's Irish Family Records. London, U.K.: Burkes Peerage Ltd. p. 331.
^ "No. 38240". The London Gazette (Supplement). 16 March 1948. p. 1919.
^ "No. 36103". The London Gazette (Supplement). 20 July 1943. p. 3319.
^ Edinburgh Gazette, 4 September 1917^{[permanent dead link]}
^ ^a ^b Qureshi, MI. (1958). The First Punjabis: History of the First Punjab Regiment 1759–1956. Aldershot: Gale & Polden.
^ "No. 35153". The London Gazette (Supplement). 2 May 1941. p. 2571.
^ "No. 34649". The London Gazette. 28 July 1939. p. 5218.
^ "No. 36532". The London Gazette. 26 May 1944. p. 2443.

Cite error: There are <ref group=note> tags on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=note}} template (see the help page).

[1] FreeBMD Birth Index, 1837–1915. 1884, Q3-Jul–Aug–Sep, A, 9. Auchinleck, Claud John E, Farnham. Vol 2a. Page 95. "Index entry". FreeBMD. ONS. Retrieved 8 September 2011. (Farnham is the district including Aldershot.)

[2] Warner (1991), p. 131

[4] "No. 35559". The London Gazette (Supplement). 12 May 1942. p. 744.

[GCB-5] "No. 36866". The London Gazette (Supplement). 29 December 1944. p. 3.

[GCIE-6] "No. 35019". The London Gazette (Supplement). 20 December 1940. p. 7109.

[CSI-7] "No. 34282". The London Gazette. 8 May 1936. p. 2974.

[heath30-8] Cite error: The named reference heath30 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[MID1934-9] "No. 34066". The London Gazette. 3 July 1934. p. 4227.

[MID1936-10] "No. 34282". The London Gazette. 8 May 1936. p. 2979.

[USlegion-11] "No. 38359". The London Gazette (Supplement). 20 July 1948. p. 4189.

[poland-12] "No. 35559". The London Gazette (Supplement). 12 May 1942. p. 2113.

[nepal-13] Montgomery-Massingberd, Hugh (1976). Burke's Irish Family Records. London, U.K.: Burkes Peerage Ltd. p. 331.

[norway-14] "No. 38240". The London Gazette (Supplement). 16 March 1948. p. 1919.

[czech-15] "No. 36103". The London Gazette (Supplement). 20 July 1943. p. 3319.

[french-16] Edinburgh Gazette, 4 September 1917^{[permanent dead link]}

[Qureshi_1958-17] Qureshi, MI. (1958). The First Punjabis: History of the First Punjab Regiment 1759–1956. Aldershot: Gale & Polden.

[18] "No. 35153". The London Gazette (Supplement). 2 May 1941. p. 2571.

[19] "No. 34649". The London Gazette. 28 July 1939. p. 5218.

[20] "No. 36532". The London Gazette. 26 May 1944. p. 2443.

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