Communist insurgency in Thailand

Communist insurgency in Thailand
	Part of the Cold War
	; A zinc bowl engraved with Thai message reading "Obliterate all the communists - out of the soil of Thailand" - a propaganda tool against communist insurgency in Thailand, discovered in Wanon Niwat district, Sakon Nakhon province
Date	1965–1983; (18 years)
Location	Thailand (primarily northeast Thailand)
Result	Thai government victory Amnesty declared on 23 April 1980 by the Thai government; Order 66/2523 signed by Prime Minister Prem Tinsulanonda; Communist insurgency declines and ends in 1983;
Belligerents
Thailand Royal Thai Armed Forces; Royal Thai Police; Volunteer Defense Corps; Thahan Phran; Internal Security Operations Command; Village Scouts; Nawaphon; Red Gaurs; Republic of China (until July 1967) Republic of China Army 49th Division; Malaysia; United States Supported by:; Indonesia (from 1968)	Communist Party of Thailand; Malayan Communist Party; Pathet Lao; Khmer Rouge (until 1978, 1979-1983); Supported by:; North Vietnam (1965–1976); Vietnam (1976–1978); People's Republic of China (1971–1976);
Commanders and leaders
Bhumibol Adulyadej; Thanom Kittikachorn; Praphas Charusathien; Thanin Kraivichien; Kriangsak Chamanan; Prem Tinsulanonda; Li Mi; Ibrahim Ismail; Richard Helms; Lucius D. Clay Jr.;	Phayom Chulanont; Udom Srisuwan; Damri Ruangsutham (POW); Wirat Anghathawon (POW); Thong Chaemsri (POW); Chit Phumisak †; Surachai Danwattananusorn (POW); Chin Peng; Souphanouvong; Pol Pot;
Strength
Royal Thai Armed Forces: 127,700; Royal Thai Police: 45,800	1,000–12,000 rebels; 5,000–8,000 sympathizers
Casualties and losses
1966:; ~90 soldiers and police killed; 1967:; 33 soldiers and police killed; 1969–1971:; 1,450+ soldiers, police, and officials killed; 100+ wounded; 1972:; 418 soldiers and police killed	1966:; 133 insurgents killed and 49 captured; 1967:; 93 insurgents killed; unknown captured; 1969–1971:; 365+ insurgents killed; 30+ wounded; 49+ captured; 1972:; 1,172 insurgents killed; 1982:; Unknown killed; 3,000+ insurgents surrendered
	Unknown civilian deaths (3,008 killed by government forces alone in 1971–1973)

The communist insurgency in Thailand was a guerrilla war lasting from 1965 until 1983, fought mainly between the Communist Party of Thailand (CPT) and the government of Thailand. The war began to wind down in 1980 following the declaration of an amnesty, and in 1983, the CPT abandoned the insurgency entirely, ending the conflict.

^ Cite error: The named reference NiN was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Chin Peng, pp.479–80
^ NIE report
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Cite error: The named reference CIA was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Wassana Nanuam (August 2015). "Engagement of Malaysia and Indonesia on Counter Insurgency in the South of Thailand" (PDF). Asia Pacific Center for Security Studies. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 September 2015. Retrieved 29 September 2015.
^ Sison, Jose Maria. "Notes on People's War in Southeast Asia" Archived 2007-10-18 at the Wayback Machine
^ ^a ^b ^c Cite error: The named reference AUK was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ "70 ปี 'องค์จอมทัพไทย' พระราชกรณียกิจ รัชกาลที่ 9 ด้านการทหาร". October 21, 2017. Archived from the original on November 28, 2020. Retrieved July 1, 2023.
^ "ในหลวงรัชกาลที่ 9 หยุดคอมมิวนิสต์ ด้วยพระเมตตา". ThaiQuote. December 5, 2020. Archived from the original on July 1, 2023. Retrieved July 1, 2023.
^ "กุศโลบาย ร.9 เสด็จฯ เยือนชาติตะวันตก ไทยเป็น "กันชน" ยุคสงครามเย็น". Archived from the original on 2023-04-01. Retrieved 2023-07-01.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Cite error: The named reference Koplo was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b ^c Cite error: The named reference MCA was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Prizzia, Ross (1985) "Thailand in Transition: The Role of Oppositional Forces" (Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press), 19–20, 24.
^ Note: these are figures for Dec. 25 1965 to Jan. 16 1967. The total number of suspects "arrested or surrendered" in this time was 3,450, but only 49 were convicted, with the rest being listed as "released" or "under investigation." See page 9.
^ Cite error: The named reference Jularat101 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).

[NiN-1] Cite error: The named reference NiN was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[2] Chin Peng, pp.479–80

[3] NIE report

[CIA-4] Cite error: The named reference CIA was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[5] Wassana Nanuam (August 2015). "Engagement of Malaysia and Indonesia on Counter Insurgency in the South of Thailand" (PDF). Asia Pacific Center for Security Studies. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 September 2015. Retrieved 29 September 2015.

[6] Sison, Jose Maria. "Notes on People's War in Southeast Asia" Archived 2007-10-18 at the Wayback Machine

[AUK-7] Cite error: The named reference AUK was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[70_ปี_‘องค์จอมทัพไทย’_พระราชกรณียกิจ_รัชกาลที่_9_ด้านการทหาร-9] "70 ปี 'องค์จอมทัพไทย' พระราชกรณียกิจ รัชกาลที่ 9 ด้านการทหาร". October 21, 2017. Archived from the original on November 28, 2020. Retrieved July 1, 2023.

[ในหลวงรัชกาลที่_9_หยุดคอมมิวนิสต์_ด้วยพระเมตตา-10] "ในหลวงรัชกาลที่ 9 หยุดคอมมิวนิสต์ ด้วยพระเมตตา". ThaiQuote. December 5, 2020. Archived from the original on July 1, 2023. Retrieved July 1, 2023.

[กุศโลบาย_ร._9_เสด็จฯ_เยือนประเทศในโลกตะวันตกเพื่อสกัดกั้นลัทธิคอมมิวนิสต์-11] "กุศโลบาย ร.9 เสด็จฯ เยือนชาติตะวันตก ไทยเป็น "กันชน" ยุคสงครามเย็น". Archived from the original on 2023-04-01. Retrieved 2023-07-01.

[Koplo-17] Cite error: The named reference Koplo was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[MCA-18] Cite error: The named reference MCA was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[thaitransition-19] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Prizzia, Ross (1985) "Thailand in Transition: The Role of Oppositional Forces" (Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press), 19–20, 24.

[20] Note: these are figures for Dec. 25 1965 to Jan. 16 1967. The total number of suspects "arrested or surrendered" in this time was 3,450, but only 49 were convicted, with the rest being listed as "released" or "under investigation." See page 9.

[Jularat101-21] Cite error: The named reference Jularat101 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[a]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[b]

[c]

[d]

[e]

[f]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]