Siwa culture

Siwa culture
	Area map of the Siwa culture, with main sites (): Ya’er, Lanqiao, Xujianian, Jiuzhan... Also shown: the Chinese capital of Xi'an () and the Western Zhou frontier outpost of Baicaopo ()
Geographical range	upper Yellow River
Period	Bronze Age
Dates	c. 1300 – c. 600 BCE
Preceded by	Majiayao culture; Qijia culture
Followed by	Ordos culture; Shajing culture; Han dynasty
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese	寺洼文化
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Sìwā wénhuà

The Siwa culture (Chinese: 寺洼文化; pinyin: Sìwā wénhuà, ca. 1350-650 BCE)^[1] was a Bronze Age culture in southeast Gansu Province, China. It was discovered by Swedish geologist Johan Gunnar Andersson in 1924 at Mount Siwa (寺洼山) in Lintao County, hence its name.^[2] It flourished circa 14th to 11th century BC,^[3] it is tentatively attributed to the cultures of the Northern Di, Qiang, and Xunyu peoples.^[4]^[5]

The archaeological culture is divided into two phases: the early phase associated with the sites at Lintao, Zhuoni, Lintan, and Heshui; and, the final phase during the late Shang and proto-Zhou periods associated with the Jiuzhan, Xujianian, and Lanquiao sites.^[6] Siwa culture is known for producing a type of pottery that had saddle-shaped mouths.^[6]

^ Cite error: The named reference TK was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ These sites are also called Miaopingyagou yizhi 庙坪鸦沟遗址.
^ "灞陵桥寺洼遗址成为全国重点文物保护单位--中国甘肃网". Archived from the original on 2012-03-16. Retrieved 2011-01-11.
^ Hu, Qianying 胡謙盈, "Lun Siwa wenhua" 論寺洼文化, Wenwu jikan 文物集刊 2 (1980), 123-4 of 118–24. Cited in Li, Feng (2006), Landscape And Power In Early China, Cambridge University Press. p. 187
^ 甘肃日报 [Gānsù Rìbào, Gansu Daily]. 《走进临洮县寺洼文化遗址》 [Zǒujìn Líntáoxiàn Sìwā Wénhuà Yízhǐ; "Entering Lintao County's Siwa Ruins"]. 2007. Accessed 17 Dec 2013. (in Chinese)
^ ^a ^b Linduff, Katheryn M.; Sun, Yan; Cao, Wei; Liu, Yuanqing (2018). Ancient China and its Eurasian Neighbors: Artifacts, Identity, and Death on the Frontier, 3000–700 BCE. New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 168. ISBN 978-1-108-41861-4.

[TK-1] Cite error: The named reference TK was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[2] These sites are also called Miaopingyagou yizhi 庙坪鸦沟遗址.

[3] "灞陵桥寺洼遗址成为全国重点文物保护单位--中国甘肃网". Archived from the original on 2012-03-16. Retrieved 2011-01-11.

[4] Hu, Qianying 胡謙盈, "Lun Siwa wenhua" 論寺洼文化, Wenwu jikan 文物集刊 2 (1980), 123-4 of 118–24. Cited in Li, Feng (2006), Landscape And Power In Early China, Cambridge University Press. p. 187

[5] 甘肃日报 [Gānsù Rìbào, Gansu Daily]. 《走进临洮县寺洼文化遗址》 [Zǒujìn Líntáoxiàn Sìwā Wénhuà Yízhǐ; "Entering Lintao County's Siwa Ruins"]. 2007. Accessed 17 Dec 2013. (in Chinese)

[:0-6] Linduff, Katheryn M.; Sun, Yan; Cao, Wei; Liu, Yuanqing (2018). Ancient China and its Eurasian Neighbors: Artifacts, Identity, and Death on the Frontier, 3000–700 BCE. New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 168. ISBN 978-1-108-41861-4.

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