Russian legislative elections

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Russian legislative elections are a procedure of determining the composition of the State Duma, the lower house of the Russian parliament, for the next five years through universal, direct, and secret voting of 450 deputies.^[1]

As of 2021, these elections have been held eight times:

• Elections of the 1st convocation of the State Duma: 12 December 1993;
• Elections of the 2nd convocation of the State Duma: 17 December 1995;
• Elections of the 3rd convocation of the State Duma: 19 December 1999;
• Elections of the 4th convocation of the State Duma: 7 December 2003;
• Elections of the 5th convocation of the State Duma: 2 December 2007;
• Elections of the 6th convocation of the State Duma: 4 December 2011;
• Elections of the 7th convocation of the State Duma: 18 September 2016;
• Elections of the 8th convocation of the State Duma: 19 September 2021.

According to the current Russian legislation, 225 from the 450 mandates of the State Duma are distributed among the lists of political parties that received more than 5% of the votes. The other 225 are the winners of elections in single-mandate constituencies. The elections of 1993–2003 and 2016–2021 were held according to this scheme. In 2007 and 2011, the threshold was 7% and all 450 members of the Duma were elected by party lists.