Banu Hashim

Banu Hashim
(Arabic: بنو هاشم)
Banu Hashim ; (Arabic: بنو هاشم)
Quraysh, Adnanites
Ethnicity	Arab
Nisba	al-Hashimi
Location	Mecca, Hejaz; Middle East,; South Asia, ; Southeast Asia, ; North Africa, ; Horn of Africa
Descended from	Hashim ibn Abd Manaf
Parent tribe	Quraysh
Branches	Alids; Ja'farites; Aqilites; Abbasids;
Language	Arabic
Religion	Islam
Surnames	Hashim and Al hashimi

The Banū Hāshim (Arabic: بنو هاشم) is an Arab clan within the Quraysh tribe to which Muhammad Ibn Abdullah belonged, named after Muhammad's great-grandfather Hashim ibn Abd Manaf.

Members of this clan, and especially their descendants, are also referred to as Hashimids, Hashimites, Hashemites, or Bakara and often carry the surname al-Hāshimī. These descendants, and especially those tracing their lineage to Muhammad through his daughter Fatima, hold the traditional title of Sharīf (often synonymous to Sayyid).^[1]

From the 8th century on, Hashimid descent came to be regarded as a mark of nobility, and formed the basis upon which many dynasties legitimized their rule.^[2] Some of the most famous Islamic dynasties of Hashimid descent include the Abbasids (ruled from Baghdad 750–945; held the caliphate without exercising power 945–1258 in Baghdad and 1261–1517 in Cairo), the Fatimids (ruled from Cairo and claimed the caliphate 909–1171), the Alaouit (rulers of Morocco, 1631–present), and the Hashemites (rulers of Jordan, 1921–present).^[3]

^ Van Arendonk, C.; Graham, W.A. (1960–2007). "Sharīf". In Bearman, P. J.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C. E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W. P. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition.
^ Van Arendonk & Graham 1960–2007.
^ Routledge, Bruce (2004-07-26). Moab in the Iron Age: Hegemony, Polity, Archaeology. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 236. ISBN 978-0-8122-3801-3.

[1] Van Arendonk, C.; Graham, W.A. (1960–2007). "Sharīf". In Bearman, P. J.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C. E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W. P. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition.

[2] Van Arendonk & Graham 1960–2007.

[3] Routledge, Bruce (2004-07-26). Moab in the Iron Age: Hegemony, Polity, Archaeology. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 236. ISBN 978-0-8122-3801-3.

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