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Eid al-Fitr (/ˌiːd əl ˈfɪtər, -trə/ EED əl FIT-ər, -rə; Arabic: عيد الفطر, romanized: ʿĪd al-Fiṭr, IPA: [ʕiːd al ˈfɪtˤr], lit. 'Holiday of Breaking the Fast'[4]) is the earlier of the two official holidays celebrated within Islam (the other being Eid al-Adha). Eid al-Fitr is celebrated by Muslims worldwide because it marks the end of the month-long dawn-to-sunset fasting of Ramadan.[5] Eid al-Fitr falls on the first day of Shawwal in the Islamic calendar; this does not always fall on the same Gregorian day, as the start of any lunar Hijri month varies based on when the new moon is sighted by local religious authorities. The holiday is known under various other names in different languages and countries around the world. The day is also called "Lesser Eid" (Arabic: العيد الصغير, romanized: al-ʿĪd al-Ṣaghīr), or simply Eid.[6]
Eid al-Fitr has a particular salat (Islamic prayer) that consists of two rakats (units) generally performed in an open field or large hall. It may only be performed in congregation (jamāʿat) and features seven additional Takbirs (raising of the hands to the ears while saying "Allāhu ʾAkbar", meaning "God is the greatest") in the Hanafi school of Sunni Islam: three at the start of the first rakat and three just before rukūʿ in the second rakat.[7] Other Sunni schools usually have 12 Takbirs, similarly split in groups of seven and five. In Shia Islam, the salat has six Takbirs in the first rakat at the end of qira'a, before rukūʿ, and five in the second.[8] Depending on the juristic opinion of the locality, this salat is either farḍ (فرض, obligatory), mustaḥabb (strongly recommended) or mandūb (مندوب, preferable). After the salat, Muslims celebrate the Eid al-Fitr in various ways[9] with food ("Eid cuisine") being a central theme, which also gives the holiday the nickname "Sweet Eid" or "Sugar Feast".[10][11]
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
ummalqurawas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Singh, Bhupinder (2 April 2023). "When Is Eid Al-Fitr 2023? Eid Al-Fitr History, Significance, All You Need To Know About Holy Festival". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 10 April 2023. Retrieved 10 April 2023.
- ^ "Gregorian vs Hijri Calendar". islamicfinder.org. Archived from the original on 24 June 2020. Retrieved 4 June 2019.
- ^ Elias, Jamal J. (1999). Islam. Routledge. p. 75. ISBN 0415211654.
- ^ Barr, Sabrina. "Eid al-Adha 2019: When is it, How is it celebrated and How to Wish Someone Happy Eid". independent. Archived from the original on 11 August 2019. Retrieved 11 August 2019.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
TheNation2020-06-30-01awas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Eid al-Fitr and the six supplementary fasts of Shawwal". Inter-islam.org. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 11 August 2013.
- ^ Namaz (prayer) Eid Fitr Archived 13 February 2018 at the Wayback Machine yjc.ir Retrieved 4 June 2018
- ^ "How Do Muslims Celebrate Eid? The Beauty of Eid Explained". Islam Faith. 21 August 2018. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
- ^ "What food is eaten during the Muslim festival of Eid al-Fitr?". Independent.co.uk. 23 May 2020. Archived from the original on 14 January 2021. Retrieved 12 May 2021.
- ^ "How is Eid al-Fitr celebrated around the world? – BBC Bitesize". Bbc.co.uk. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
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