Solidarity

Solidarity or solidarism is an awareness of shared interests, objectives, standards, and sympathies creating a psychological sense of unity of groups or classes.^[1]^[2] Solidarity does not reject individuals and sees individuals as the basis of society.^[3] It refers to the ties in a society that bind people together as one. The term is generally employed in sociology and the other social sciences as well as in philosophy and bioethics.^[4] It is a significant concept in Catholic social teaching and in Christian democratic political ideology.^[5] Although being interconnected concepts, solidarity, by contrast to charity, takes a systems change approach.^[6]^[7]

What forms the basis of solidarity, and how it is implemented, vary between societies. In Global South societies it may be mainly based on kinship and shared values while Global North societies accumulate a variety of theories as to what contributes to a sense of solidarity or social cohesion.^{[citation needed]}

Solidarity is also one of six principles of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union^[8] and December 20 of each year is International Human Solidarity Day recognized as an international observance. Solidarity is not mentioned in the European Convention on Human Rights nor in the United Nations' Universal Declaration of Human Rights and has hence lesser legal meaning when compared to basic rights.

Concepts of solidarity are mentioned in the Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights,^[9] but not defined clearly.^[10] As biotechnology and biomedical enhancement research and production increase, the need for distinct definition of solidarity within healthcare system frameworks is important.^{[editorializing]}

^ "solidarity (noun)". Merriam Webster. Archived from the original on 2019-05-08.
^ "solidarity". Archived from the original on 27 January 2004. Retrieved 19 March 2018 – via The Free Dictionary.
^ Douwes, Renate; Stuttaford, Maria; London, Leslie (2018-10-01). "Social Solidarity, Human Rights, and Collective Action: Considerations in the Implementation of the National Health Insurance in South Africa". Health and Human Rights. 20 (2): 185–196. PMC 6293357. PMID 30568412. Archived from the original on 2019-01-07. Retrieved 2021-08-30.
^ Adamiak, Stanisław; Chojnacka, Ewa; Walczak, Damian (1 December 2013). "Social Security in Poland – cultural, historical and economical issues". Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting. 2 (2): 11–26. doi:10.12775/cjfa.2013.013. Archived from the original on 24 October 2020. Retrieved 20 September 2019.
^ Fitzpatrick, Tony; Kwon, Huck-ju; Manning, Nick; James Midgley, Gillian Pascall (4 July 2013). International Encyclopedia of Social Policy. Routledge. p. 1866. ISBN 978-1-136-61003-5.
^ Shallwani, Sadaf (2022-08-11). "Solidarity over charity: Prioritising long-term shifts over band-aid responses". Alliance magazine. Retrieved 2024-04-12.
^ "Solidarity, Not Charity in Philanthropy | Northern California Grantmakers". ncg.org. Retrieved 2024-04-12.
^ Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, Title IV
^ "Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights". Archived from the original on 2017-10-10. Retrieved 2019-05-02.
^ Prainsack, Barbara; Buyx, Alena (2012). "Solidarity in Contemporary Bioethics—towards a New Approach". Bioethics. 26 (7): 343–350. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2012.01987.x. PMID 22827315. S2CID 3463430.

[dict1-1] "solidarity (noun)". Merriam Webster. Archived from the original on 2019-05-08.

[2] "solidarity". Archived from the original on 27 January 2004. Retrieved 19 March 2018 – via The Free Dictionary.

[3] Douwes, Renate; Stuttaford, Maria; London, Leslie (2018-10-01). "Social Solidarity, Human Rights, and Collective Action: Considerations in the Implementation of the National Health Insurance in South Africa". Health and Human Rights. 20 (2): 185–196. PMC 6293357. PMID 30568412. Archived from the original on 2019-01-07. Retrieved 2021-08-30.

[4] Adamiak, Stanisław; Chojnacka, Ewa; Walczak, Damian (1 December 2013). "Social Security in Poland – cultural, historical and economical issues". Copernican Journal of Finance & Accounting. 2 (2): 11–26. doi:10.12775/cjfa.2013.013. Archived from the original on 24 October 2020. Retrieved 20 September 2019.

[FitzpatrickKwon2013-5] Fitzpatrick, Tony; Kwon, Huck-ju; Manning, Nick; James Midgley, Gillian Pascall (4 July 2013). International Encyclopedia of Social Policy. Routledge. p. 1866. ISBN 978-1-136-61003-5.

[6] Shallwani, Sadaf (2022-08-11). "Solidarity over charity: Prioritising long-term shifts over band-aid responses". Alliance magazine. Retrieved 2024-04-12.

[7] "Solidarity, Not Charity in Philanthropy | Northern California Grantmakers". ncg.org. Retrieved 2024-04-12.

[8] Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, Title IV

[9] "Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights". Archived from the original on 2017-10-10. Retrieved 2019-05-02.

[PB2012-10] Prainsack, Barbara; Buyx, Alena (2012). "Solidarity in Contemporary Bioethics—towards a New Approach". Bioethics. 26 (7): 343–350. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8519.2012.01987.x. PMID 22827315. S2CID 3463430.

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