Mataram Sultanate

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Sultanate of Mataram Kesultanan Mataram (Indonesian) ꦤꦒꦫꦶꦩꦠꦫꦩ꧀ (Javanese) نَاڮَارِي كَسُلْطَانَن مَاتَارَام‎ (Pegon)
1586–17551
Flag
The maximum extent of Mataram Sultanate during the reign of Sultan Agung Anyokrokusumo (1613–1645)
Capital	Kota Gede (1586–1613) Karta (1613–1645) Plered (1646–1680) Kartosuro (1680–1755)
Common languages	Javanese
Religion	Sunni Islam (syncretized)
Government	Monarchy
King (Susuhunan / Sultan)
• 1586–1601 (first)	Senopati
• 1743–1749 (last)	Pakubuwono II
History
• Coronation	1586
• Treaty of Giyanti	13 February 17551
Preceded by Succeeded by Kingdom of Pajang Surakarta Sunanate Yogyakarta Sultanate Dutch East Indies
Today part of	Indonesia
^1 The incident is referred to in Javanese as Palihan Nagari.

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Prehistory Paleolithic Java Man 1,000,000 BP Flores Man 94,000–12,000 BP Neolithic Toba catastrophe 75,000 BP Buni culture 400 BCE
Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms Kutai Kingdom 350–1605 Tarumanagara Kingdom 400s–500s Kantoli 400s-500s Kalingga Kingdom 500s–600s Melayu Kingdom 600s–1347 Srivijaya Empire 600s–1025 Shailendra dynasty 600s–900s Mataram Kingdom 716–1016 Bali Kingdom 914–1908 Sunda Kingdom 932–1579 Kahuripan Kingdom 1019–1045 Kediri Kingdom 1045–1221 Dharmasraya Kingdom 1183–1347 Pannai Kingdom 1000s–1300s Singhasari Empire 1222–1292 Majapahit Empire 1293–1527
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The Sultanate of Mataram (/məˈtɑːrəm/) was the last major independent Javanese kingdom on the island of Java before it was colonised by the Dutch. It was the dominant political force radiating from the interior of Central Java from the late 16th century until the beginning of the 18th century.^[1]

Mataram reached its peak of power during the reign of Sultan Agung Anyokrokusumo (r. 1613–1645), and began to decline after his death in 1645. By the mid-18th century, Mataram lost both power and territory to the Dutch East India Company (Dutch: Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie; VOC). It had become a vassal state of the company by 1749.