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Eduard Bernstein


Member of the Reichstag from Brandenburg
In office 7 June 1920 – 20 May 1928
Constituency	Potsdam (Teltow-Beeskow-Charlottenburg)
Member of the Imperial Reichstag from Silesia
In office 13 January 1912 – 10 November 1918
Preceded by	Otto Pfundtner
Succeeded by	Reichstag dissolution
Constituency	Breslau-West
In office 31 October 1901 – 25 January 1907
Preceded by	Bruno Schönlank
Succeeded by	Otto Pfundtner
Constituency	Breslau-West

Personal details
Born	(1850-01-06)6 January 1850 Schöneberg, Kingdom of Prussia
Died	18 December 1932(1932-12-18) (aged 82) Berlin, Free State of Prussia, German Reich
Political party	SDAP (1872–1875) SPD (1875–1917) USPD (1917–1919) SPD (1918–1932)
Philosophy career

Era	Modern philosophy 19th-century philosophy 20th-century philosophy
Region	Western philosophy German philosophy
School	Socialism
Main interests	Politics, economy, sociology
Notable ideas	Social democracy Revisionism

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Eduard Bernstein (German: [ˈeːduaʁt ˈbɛʁnʃtaɪn]; 6 January 1850 – 18 December 1932) was a German social democratic Marxist theorist and politician. A member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), Bernstein had held close association to Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, but he began to identify what he believed to be errors in Marxist thinking and began to criticize views held by Marxism when he investigated and challenged the Marxist materialist theory of history.^[1] He rejected significant parts of Marxist theory that were based upon Hegelian metaphysics and rejected the Hegelian perspective of an immanent economic necessity to socialism.^[2]

^ Berman, Sheri. Social Democracy and the Making of Europe's Twentieth Century. Cambridge University Press, 2006. pp. 38–39.
^ Michael Harrington. Socialism: Past and Future. Reprint edition of original published in 1989. New York, New York, USA: Arcade Publishing, 2011. P. 251.