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The one-state solution is a proposed approach to resolving the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, according to which one state would be established between the River Jordan and the Mediterranean. Proponents of this solution advocate a single state encompassing the currently recognized state of Israel, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.[1][2] The term one-state reality describes the belief that the current situation in Israel/Palestine is de facto a single state.[3] The one-state solution is sometimes also called a bi-national state, owing to the hope that the state would be a homeland for both Jews and Palestinians.
Various models have been proposed for implementing the one-state solution.[4] One such model is the unitary state, which would comprise a single government on the entire territory with citizenship and equal rights for all residents, regardless of their ethnicity or religion,[4] similar to Mandatory Palestine. Some Israelis advocate a version of this model in which Israel will annex the West Bank but not the Gaza Strip and remain a Jewish and democratic state with a larger Arab minority.[5] A second model calls for Israel to annex the West Bank and create an autonomous region for the Palestinians there.[4] A third version would involve creating a federal state with a central government and federative districts, some of which would be Jewish and others Palestinian.[5][6] A fourth model, described in A Land for All, involves an Israeli-Palestinian confederation, a de facto two-state solution where both independent states share powers in some areas and Israelis and Palestinians have residency rights in each others' nations.[7][8]
Though increasingly debated in academic circles, the one-state solution has remained outside the range of official efforts to resolve the conflict, where it is eclipsed by the two-state solution. According to the most recent Palestine/Israel Pulse survey in 2023, support for a democratic one-state solution stands at 23% among Palestinians and 20% among Israeli Jews. A non-equal non-democratic one-state solution remains more popular among both populations, supported by 30% of Palestinians and 37% of Israeli Jews.[9]
- ^ Qadaffi, Muammar (21 January 2009). "The One-State Solution". The New York Times. p. A33. Archived from the original on 14 May 2013. Retrieved 22 January 2009.
- ^ Friedson, Felice (21 July 2010). "One-state or two-state solution". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 21 May 2023.
- ^ Remnick, David (10 November 2014). "The One-State Reality". The New Yorker. ISSN 0028-792X. Retrieved 21 May 2023.
- ^ a b c Sharvit Baruch, Pnina (2021). "Resolving the Israeli–Palestinian Conflict: The Viability of One-State Models". www.inss.org.il (Memorandum No. 217 ed.). INSS. Retrieved 6 June 2022.
- ^ a b Al Shawaf, Rayyan (3 April 2014). "Caroline Glick's one-state solution for Israel-Palestine asks all the wrong questions". The National.
- ^ "The Federation Plan: The Founding Document". www.federation.org.il. Retrieved 6 June 2022.
- ^ "A Land For All | ארץ לכולם". 19 April 2019.
- ^ Scheindlin, Dahlia (2018). "An Israeli-Palestinian Confederation Can Work". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 6 June 2022.
- ^ azza (24 January 2023). "Palestinian-Israeli Pulse". www.pcpsr.org. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
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