Jewish Bolshevism

Jewish Bolshevism, also Judeo–Bolshevism, is an antisemitic conspiracy theory that claims that the Russian Revolution of 1917 was a Jewish plot and that Jews controlled the Soviet Union and international communist movements, often in furtherance of a plan to destroy Western civilization. It was one of the main Nazi beliefs that served as an ideological justification for the German invasion of the Soviet Union and the Holocaust.^[1]

After the Russian Revolution, the antisemitic canard was the title of the pamphlet The Jewish Bolshevism, which featured in the racist propaganda of the anti-communist White movement forces during the Russian Civil War (1918–1922). During the 1930s, the Nazi Party in Germany and the German American Bund in the United States propagated the antisemitic theory to their followers, sympathisers, and fellow travellers.^[2]^[3] Nazi Germany used the trope to implement anti-Slavic policies and initiate racial war against Soviet Union, portraying Slavs as inferior humans controlled by Jews to destroy Aryan people.^[4]^[5]

In Poland, Żydokomuna was a term for the antisemitic opinion that the Jews had a disproportionately high influence in the administration of Communist Poland. In far-right politics, the antisemitic canards of "Jewish Bolshevism", "Jewish Communism", and the ZOG conspiracy theory are catchwords falsely asserting that Communism is a Jewish conspiracy.^[6] A related conspiracy theory—held by some of the same individuals who believed in Jewish Bolshevism—asserts that Jews control capitalist institutions or governments.^[7]

^ Kellogg, Michael (2005). The Russian Roots of Nazism: White Émigrés and the Making of National Socialism, 1917–1945. Cambridge University Press. p. search "helped to inspire Hitler to". ISBN 978-1-139-44299-2.
^
Partridge, Christopher; Geaves, Ron (2007). "Antisemitism, Conspiracy Culture, Christianity, and Islam: The History and Contemporary Religious Significance of the Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion". In Lewis, James R.; Hammer, Olav (eds.). The Invention of Sacred Tradition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 75–95. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511488450.005. ISBN 9780511488450. Retrieved 12 April 2016.
- Frederickson, Kari (1996). "Cathrine Curtis and Conservative Isolationist Women, 1939–1941". The Historian. 58 (4): 826. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6563.1996.tb00977.x. ISSN 0018-2370.
- Glen Jeansonne (9 June 1997). Women of the Far Right: The Mothers' Movement and World War II. University of Chicago Press. p. 8. ISBN 978-0-226-39589-0. Archived from the original on 18 January 2020. Retrieved 5 August 2016.
^ Laqueur, Walter Ze'ev (1965). Russia and Germany. Transaction Publishers. p. 105. ISBN 9781412833547. Archived from the original on 8 May 2016. Retrieved 25 November 2015.
^ Weikart, Richard (2009). "3: Racial Struggle". Hitler's Ethic: The Nazi Pursuit of Evolutionary Progress. 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 71, 72, 74. ISBN 978-1-349-38073-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
^ Jones, Adam (2011). Genocide: A Comprehensive Introduction (2nd ed.). 270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016: Routledge. p. 270. ISBN 978-0-415-48618-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)
^ Philip Mendes (2010). "Debunking the myth of Jewish communism". Archived from the original on 28 April 2019. Retrieved 28 April 2019.
^ Winston, Andrew S. (2021). ""Jews will not replace us!": Antisemitism, Interbreeding and Immigration in Historical Context". American Jewish History. 105 (1): 1–24. doi:10.1353/ajh.2021.0001. ISSN 1086-3141. S2CID 239725899.

[1] Kellogg, Michael (2005). The Russian Roots of Nazism: White Émigrés and the Making of National Socialism, 1917–1945. Cambridge University Press. p. search "helped to inspire Hitler to". ISBN 978-1-139-44299-2.

[2] Partridge, Christopher; Geaves, Ron (2007). "Antisemitism, Conspiracy Culture, Christianity, and Islam: The History and Contemporary Religious Significance of the Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion". In Lewis, James R.; Hammer, Olav (eds.). The Invention of Sacred Tradition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 75–95. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511488450.005. ISBN 9780511488450. Retrieved 12 April 2016.
Frederickson, Kari (1996). "Cathrine Curtis and Conservative Isolationist Women, 1939–1941". The Historian. 58 (4): 826. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6563.1996.tb00977.x. ISSN 0018-2370.

Glen Jeansonne (9 June 1997). Women of the Far Right: The Mothers' Movement and World War II. University of Chicago Press. p. 8. ISBN 978-0-226-39589-0. Archived from the original on 18 January 2020. Retrieved 5 August 2016.

[3] Frederickson, Kari (1996). "Cathrine Curtis and Conservative Isolationist Women, 1939–1941". The Historian. 58 (4): 826. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6563.1996.tb00977.x. ISSN 0018-2370.

[4] Glen Jeansonne (9 June 1997). Women of the Far Right: The Mothers' Movement and World War II. University of Chicago Press. p. 8. ISBN 978-0-226-39589-0. Archived from the original on 18 January 2020. Retrieved 5 August 2016.

[3] Laqueur, Walter Ze'ev (1965). Russia and Germany. Transaction Publishers. p. 105. ISBN 9781412833547. Archived from the original on 8 May 2016. Retrieved 25 November 2015.

[4] Weikart, Richard (2009). "3: Racial Struggle". Hitler's Ethic: The Nazi Pursuit of Evolutionary Progress. 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 71, 72, 74. ISBN 978-1-349-38073-2.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)

[5] Jones, Adam (2011). Genocide: A Comprehensive Introduction (2nd ed.). 270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016: Routledge. p. 270. ISBN 978-0-415-48618-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link)

[6] Philip Mendes (2010). "Debunking the myth of Jewish communism". Archived from the original on 28 April 2019. Retrieved 28 April 2019.

[7] Winston, Andrew S. (2021). ""Jews will not replace us!": Antisemitism, Interbreeding and Immigration in Historical Context". American Jewish History. 105 (1): 1–24. doi:10.1353/ajh.2021.0001. ISSN 1086-3141. S2CID 239725899.

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