Riot grrrl is an undergroundfeministpunk movement that began during the early 1990s within the United States in Olympia,[1]Washington[2] and the greater Pacific Northwest[3] and has expanded to at least 26 other countries.[4] A subcultural movement that combines feminism, punk music, and politics,[5] it is often associated with third-wave feminism, which is sometimes seen as having grown out of the riot grrrl movement and has recently been seen in fourth-wave feminist punk music that rose in the 2010s.[6] The genre has also been described as coming out of indie rock, with the punk scene serving as an inspiration for a movement in which women could express anger, rage, and frustration, emotions considered socially acceptable for male songwriters but less commonly for women.[7]
In addition to a unique music scene and genre, riot grrrl became a subculture involving a DIY ethic, zines, art, political action, and activism.[15] The movement quickly spread well beyond its musical roots to influence the vibrant zine- and Internet-based nature of fourth-wave feminism, complete with local meetings and grassroots organizing to end intersectional forms of prejudice and oppression, especially physical and emotional violence against all genders.[16] Riot grrrls are known to hold meetings, start chapters,[4] and support and organize women in music[17] as well as art created by transgender people, gay individuals, lesbians, and other communities.[14]
^ abcFeliciano, Steve. "the Riot Grrrl Movement". New York Public Library. Archived from the original on April 3, 2019. Retrieved December 12, 2014.
^ ab"Riot Grrrl Map". Google My Maps. Archived from the original on August 6, 2020. Retrieved March 16, 2019.
^Garrison, Ednie-Kach (2000). "U.S. Feminism-Grrrl Style! Youth (Sub)Cultures and the Technologics of the Third Wave". Feminist Studies. 26 (1): 142. doi:10.2307/3178596. JSTOR3178596.