Second Kuomintang-Communist Civil War

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Second Kuomintang-Communist Civil War 第二次國共內戰 / 第二次国共内战 Other Names National Protection War against the Communist Rebellion 抗共衛國戡亂戰爭 Mobilization for the Suppression of Communist Rebellion 動員戡亂 Chinese People's War of Liberation 中国人民解放战争 War of Liberation 解放战争
Part of the Chinese Civil War (1927–1949) Part of the Cold War (1947–1991)
Clockwise from top left: PLA soldiers enter Taiyuan PLA soldiers celebrate on the roof of the Presidential Palace, Nanjing Mao Zedong at Xibaipo The PLA enters Chengdu Front page of the People's Daily, October 2nd, 1949 The first flag of the People's Republic of China is raised
Date 10 August 1945 － 1950[a] 1950 － 1979 (Sporadic Conflict mainly between the Taiwan Strait) August 10, 1945 (1945-08-10) － present（78 years）(de jure) Location China and Indochina (Cold War: Korea, Vietnam and Burma) Result Communist victory and takeover of Mainland China People's Republic of China established in mainland China Government of the Republic of China evacuated to Taiwan Minor conflicts persist through the Cold War Both sides claim legitimacy over the whole Chinese territory
Belligerents
Chinese Communist Party People's Liberation Army Chinese Red Army People's Republic of China (after 1949) Communist militia Supported by: Eastern Bloc  Soviet Union  Albania  Bulgaria  Czechoslovakia  Hungary  North Korea  Mongolia  Poland  Romania  North Vietnam	Nationalist government (until 1948) Government of the Republic of China (from 1948) Kuomintang National Revolutionary Army (until 1947) Republic of China Armed Forces (after 1947) Supported by: Western Bloc  United States (April 1948 - August 1949; arms embargo from July 1946 to May 1947)[1][2]  United Kingdom (arms embargo from August 1946 to May 1947)[2]  South Korea  Thailand
Commanders and leaders
Mao Zedong Lin Biao Zhou Enlai Zhu De Peng Dehuai Chen Yi Deng Xiaoping Liu Bocheng Ye Jianying He Long	Chiang Kai-shek Li Zongren Chen Cheng Yan Xishan Gu Zhutong Bai Chongxi
Strength
1,270,000 (Sep 1945) 2,800,000 (Jun 1948) 4,000,000 (Jun 1949)	4,300,000 (Jul 1946) 3,650,000 (Jun 1948) 1,490,000 (Jun 1949)
Casualties and losses
250,000 in three campaigns	1.5 million in three campaigns[3]

Part of a series on the
Chinese Communist Revolution
Mao Zedong and leading revolutionaries proclaim the People's Republic of China on October 1, 1949.
Outline of the Chinese Civil War
Origins Context Century of Humiliation 1911 Revolution Warlord Era Ideas Nationalism Anarchism Marxism Movements New Culture Movement May Fourth Movement Diligent Work-Frugal Study Movement
Early history First United Front Founding of the Communist Party Far Eastern Bureau of the Communist International Sun–Joffe Manifesto Left Kuomintang Peasant Movement Training Institute Canton Coup 28 Bolsheviks Labor organizing 1922 seamen's strike May Thirtieth Movement Canton–Hong Kong strike Northern Expedition Wuhan Government Hunan Report Hankou incident Nanjing Incident Shanghai Commune Break with the KMT
Civil War Aftermath of purge Nanchang Little Long March Autumn Harvest Guangzhou Internal Purges AB League Incident Futian incident Chinese Soviet Republic Jiangxi Soviet Chinese Red Army Long March Zunyi Conference Anti-Japanese resistance Xi'an Incident
Second United Front Second Sino-Japanese War New Fourth Army Eighth Route Army East River Column Hundred Regiments Offensive New Fourth Army Incident Communist base areas Yan'an Soviet Jin-Cha-Ji Border Region Yan'an Rectification Campaign Yan'an Forum Women's movement
Resumed Civil War Military conflict "Millet plus rifles" People's Liberation Army Operation Beleaguer Liaoshen campaign Huaihai campaign Pingjin campaign Retreat of the ROC to Taiwan Urban support for Communists China Democratic League Shen Chong case Jiaochangkou incident Yu Zisan Incident Revolutionary Committee of the KMT
Forming the People's Republic Government Central People's Government Writing the Constitution 1954 Constitution Reforms Land Reform New Marriage Law First five-year plan Three-anti and Five-anti Campaigns Suppression of counterrevolutionaries Foreign relations Sino-Soviet Cooperation Annexation of Tibet Intervention in Korea Intervention in Vietnam
Legacy Mao Zedong Thought Marxism–Leninism–Maoism National Day 100th Anniversary of the CCP
China portal  Communism portal
v t e

The Second Kuomintang-Communist Civil War, called the National Protection War against the Communist Rebellion or Mobilization for the Suppression of Communist Rebellion by the Kuomintang (KMT) , and Chinese People's War of Liberation or simply, War of Liberation, by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), was a conflict between the KMT and the CCP for the leadership of China. It was the second stage of the Chinese Civil War. The result of the civil war was that the CCP became victorious, leading to the retreat of the government of Republic of China to Taiwan, the proclamation of the People's Republic of China, and the two regimes between the mainland and Taiwan each declaring itself as the legitimate Chinese government at present.

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