National Action (UK)

National Action
National Action
Founders	Benjamin Raymond; Alex Davies;
Leader	Christopher Lythgoe
Foundation	2013
Split from	British National Party
Headquarters	Warrington, United Kingdom
Ideology	British fascism; Ultranationalism; Neo-fascism; Neo-Nazism; Antisemitism; Islamophobia; Homophobia;
Political position	Far-right
Status	Banned organisation
Size	60–100 (2016 estimate)
Allies	Atomwaffen Division; Nordic Resistance Movement; Order of Nine Angles; Misanthropic Division;
Flag
	Preceded by; Iron March, Young BNP Succeeded by; Sonnenkrieg Division

National Action was a British right-wing extremist^[2] and neo-Nazi^[2] terrorist organisation based in Warrington.^[2]^[13]^[14]^[15] Founded in 2013, the group is secretive, and has rules to prevent members from talking about it openly.^[14] It has been a proscribed organisation in the United Kingdom under the Terrorism Act 2000 since 16 December 2016,^[16] the first far-right group to be proscribed since the Second World War.^[17] In March 2017, an undercover investigation by ITV found that its members were still meeting in secret.^[18] It is believed that after its proscription, National Action organised itself in a similar way to the also-banned Salafi jihadist Al-Muhajiroun network.^[19]

^ "MP murder plotter's group wanted to wipe out non-whites by any means, court told". ITV News. 13 June 2018. Archived from the original on 14 June 2018. Retrieved 14 June 2018.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Upchurch, H. E. (22 December 2021). Cruickshank, Paul; Hummel, Kristina (eds.). "The Iron March Forum and the Evolution of the 'Skull Mask' Neo-Fascist Network" (PDF). CTC Sentinel. 14 (10). West Point, New York: Combating Terrorism Center: 27–37. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 December 2021. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
^ Gadher, Dipesh (27 November 2016). "Neo-Nazis face ban after Cox murder". The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on 27 November 2016. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
^ "New Hitler youth is enemy at the gates". The Times. 10 January 2018. Archived from the original on 21 September 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
^ "Vastarintaliike!". National Action. Archived from the original on 14 June 2016. Retrieved 24 September 2020.
^ "Vuodetut viestit paljastavat: Natsijärjestö PVL yritti kosiskella isoa yleisöä ja käänsi samalla selän kaikista radikaaleimmille seuraajilleen". Finnish Broadcasting Company. Archived from the original on 20 November 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
^ Potter, Nicholas (6 January 2021) "The Pan-European "Ikea Fascism" of Nordiska Motståndsrörelsen" Archived 13 June 2021 at the Wayback Machine Belltower.News "Internationally, the Nordic Resistance Movement is extremely well connected: According to the broadcaster Yle, between 2011 and 2017, around 20 members of the movement were users of the international neo-Nazi forum Iron March. Here, the NMR came into contact with neo-Nazi parties such as Chrysi Avgi (Golden Dawn) in Greece and Casa Pound in Italy, but also with far-right terrorist groups such as the now-banned National Action in the United Kingdom. In 2015, members of National Action visited the Finnish chapter of NMR. In a blog entry on the British terror group’s website, which has since been taken offline, the head of National Action, Benjamin Raymond, describes a lengthy stay in Finland: He stayed in one of the movement’s shared apartments, gave a speech at Koti, which since 2012 has been the headquarters of the Finnish NMR in the city of Turku, and took part in the group’s hikes. In a photo in Helsinki with members of the NMR, Raymond can be seen posing with an assault rifle. He praises the organisation, discipline and “community feel” of the Swedish and Finnish NMR chapters, as well as mentioning other international comrades from Greece who had also travelled to Finland. The British-Finnish Mikko Vehvilainen, formerly a sergeant in the British Army, has also served as an important link between the two groups: He was a member of National Action and the Finnish NMR before being sentenced to eight years in prison in 2018 for his membership in National Action."
^ "Order of Nine Angles – The People VS The 'Elite': State of Hate 2019". HOPE not hate. 16 February 2019. Archived from the original on 21 September 2022. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
^ "From satanic paedophile cults to baking competitions" Archived 21 September 2022 at the Wayback Machine, 21 September 2022, Amadeu Antonio Foundation
^ "Misanthropic Division". FOIA Research. 6 January 2019. Archived from the original on 21 September 2022. Retrieved 14 July 2022.
^ Rawlinson, Kevin (2 March 2018). "Neo-Nazi groups recruit Britons to fight in Ukraine". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 15 July 2022.
^ Poulter, James (12 March 2018). "The Obscure Neo-Nazi Forum Linked to a Wave of Terror". Vice. Archived from the original on 15 November 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
^ Cite error: The named reference Home Office was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ^a ^b Sheriff, Lucy (6 March 2014). "Meet New Neo-Nazi Group National Action Which Just Wants To 'Piss People Off'". The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 9 August 2014.
^ Wright, Simon; Glaze, Ben; Cortbus, Colin (7 June 2014). "Exposed: Rise of Hitler-loving National Action group who want to 'ethnically cleanse' the UK". Daily Mirror. Archived from the original on 9 August 2014. Retrieved 9 August 2014.
^ Terrorism Act 2000 (11, Schedule 2). 2000. Archived 21 January 2013 at the Wayback Machine
^ Macklin, Graham (2018). "'Only Bullets will Stop Us!' – The Banning of National Action in Britain". Perspectives on Terrorism. 12 (6): 104–122. ISSN 2334-3745. JSTOR 26544646. Archived from the original on 22 August 2020. Retrieved 15 June 2020.
^ "Former members of banned terror group meet at far-right training camp" Archived 2 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine, ITV News, 20 March 2017
^ "Man charged over MP murder threat". BBC News. 26 October 2017. Archived from the original on 7 January 2018. Retrieved 21 January 2018.

[1] "MP murder plotter's group wanted to wipe out non-whites by any means, court told". ITV News. 13 June 2018. Archived from the original on 14 June 2018. Retrieved 14 June 2018.

[Upchurch_2021-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Upchurch, H. E. (22 December 2021). Cruickshank, Paul; Hummel, Kristina (eds.). "The Iron March Forum and the Evolution of the 'Skull Mask' Neo-Fascist Network" (PDF). CTC Sentinel. 14 (10). West Point, New York: Combating Terrorism Center: 27–37. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 December 2021. Retrieved 19 January 2022.

[GadherTimes-3] Gadher, Dipesh (27 November 2016). "Neo-Nazis face ban after Cox murder". The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on 27 November 2016. Retrieved 7 December 2016.

[4] "New Hitler youth is enemy at the gates". The Times. 10 January 2018. Archived from the original on 21 September 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2022.

[5] "Vastarintaliike!". National Action. Archived from the original on 14 June 2016. Retrieved 24 September 2020.

[Finnish_Broadcasting_Company-6] "Vuodetut viestit paljastavat: Natsijärjestö PVL yritti kosiskella isoa yleisöä ja käänsi samalla selän kaikista radikaaleimmille seuraajilleen". Finnish Broadcasting Company. Archived from the original on 20 November 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2020.

[7] Potter, Nicholas (6 January 2021) "The Pan-European "Ikea Fascism" of Nordiska Motståndsrörelsen" Archived 13 June 2021 at the Wayback Machine Belltower.News "Internationally, the Nordic Resistance Movement is extremely well connected: According to the broadcaster Yle, between 2011 and 2017, around 20 members of the movement were users of the international neo-Nazi forum Iron March. Here, the NMR came into contact with neo-Nazi parties such as Chrysi Avgi (Golden Dawn) in Greece and Casa Pound in Italy, but also with far-right terrorist groups such as the now-banned National Action in the United Kingdom. In 2015, members of National Action visited the Finnish chapter of NMR. In a blog entry on the British terror group’s website, which has since been taken offline, the head of National Action, Benjamin Raymond, describes a lengthy stay in Finland: He stayed in one of the movement’s shared apartments, gave a speech at Koti, which since 2012 has been the headquarters of the Finnish NMR in the city of Turku, and took part in the group’s hikes. In a photo in Helsinki with members of the NMR, Raymond can be seen posing with an assault rifle. He praises the organisation, discipline and “community feel” of the Swedish and Finnish NMR chapters, as well as mentioning other international comrades from Greece who had also travelled to Finland. The British-Finnish Mikko Vehvilainen, formerly a sergeant in the British Army, has also served as an important link between the two groups: He was a member of National Action and the Finnish NMR before being sentenced to eight years in prison in 2018 for his membership in National Action."

[:5-8] "Order of Nine Angles – The People VS The 'Elite': State of Hate 2019". HOPE not hate. 16 February 2019. Archived from the original on 21 September 2022. Retrieved 1 May 2020.

[9] "From satanic paedophile cults to baking competitions" Archived 21 September 2022 at the Wayback Machine, 21 September 2022, Amadeu Antonio Foundation

[10] "Misanthropic Division". FOIA Research. 6 January 2019. Archived from the original on 21 September 2022. Retrieved 14 July 2022.

[11] Rawlinson, Kevin (2 March 2018). "Neo-Nazi groups recruit Britons to fight in Ukraine". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 15 July 2022.

[12] Poulter, James (12 March 2018). "The Obscure Neo-Nazi Forum Linked to a Wave of Terror". Vice. Archived from the original on 15 November 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2020.

[Home_Office-13] Cite error: The named reference Home Office was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[huff-14] Sheriff, Lucy (6 March 2014). "Meet New Neo-Nazi Group National Action Which Just Wants To 'Piss People Off'". The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 9 August 2014.

[mirror-15] Wright, Simon; Glaze, Ben; Cortbus, Colin (7 June 2014). "Exposed: Rise of Hitler-loving National Action group who want to 'ethnically cleanse' the UK". Daily Mirror. Archived from the original on 9 August 2014. Retrieved 9 August 2014.

[16] Terrorism Act 2000 (11, Schedule 2). 2000. Archived 21 January 2013 at the Wayback Machine

[:1-17] Macklin, Graham (2018). "'Only Bullets will Stop Us!' – The Banning of National Action in Britain". Perspectives on Terrorism. 12 (6): 104–122. ISSN 2334-3745. JSTOR 26544646. Archived from the original on 22 August 2020. Retrieved 15 June 2020.

[18] "Former members of banned terror group meet at far-right training camp" Archived 2 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine, ITV News, 20 March 2017

[19] "Man charged over MP murder threat". BBC News. 26 October 2017. Archived from the original on 7 January 2018. Retrieved 21 January 2018.

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National Action

Founders	Benjamin Raymond Alex Davies^[1]
Leader	Christopher Lythgoe
Foundation	2013 (2013)
Split from	British National Party
Headquarters	Warrington, United Kingdom
Ideology	British fascism^[2] Ultranationalism Neo-fascism^[2] Neo-Nazism^[2] Antisemitism Islamophobia Homophobia
Political position	Far-right^[2]
Status	Banned organisation
Size	60–100^[3] (2016 estimate)
Allies	Atomwaffen Division^[2]^[4] Nordic Resistance Movement^[5]^[6]^[7] Order of Nine Angles^[8]^[9] Misanthropic Division^[10]^[11]
Flag
Preceded by Iron March,^[2] Young BNP^[12] Succeeded by Sonnenkrieg Division